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>3E. Individual Time Trial
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>3E1. Courses may be out-and-back, around a circuit, or one
>way. Only out-and-back and circuit courses may be used for
>record purposes. A one-time out-and-back course or a circuit
>large enough for a single lap is ideal.
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>3E2. Road bicycles shall be used. Bicycles with a front hand
>brake and fixed wheel may also be used.
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>3E3. Starting order may be chosen by random selection, by
>numeric order, or by seeding (normally fastest last).
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>3E4. Starting times shall be at equal intervals, normally one
>minute. The start sheet with starting order and appointed
>starting times should be available for riders' perusal at least
>one hour before the start.
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>3E5. Start.
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>(a) Each rider shall report to the starter at least three
>minutes before his or her scheduled starting time and shall
>start at the scheduled time. If a rider appears later than the
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>appointed starting time, the start will be allowed only if it
>does not interfere with the riders starting on schedule. If it
>does interfere, the rider may be further delayed. In case of a
>late start, the appointed time shall be used in computing the
>results.
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>(b) The rider shall be held by an official at the start, but shall
>neither be restrained nor pushed. No restarts are permitted.
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>3E6. Rider Conduct.
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>(a) On an out-and-back course, riders shall stay to the right
>of the centerline at all times [disqualification].
>(b) No rider shall take pace behind another rider closer than
>25 meters (80 feet) ahead or 2 meters (7 feet) to the side. [A
>rider who is observed taking pace shall receive a time penalty
>as specified in Table 1].
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>(c) No two riders may ride abreast other than when
>attempting to pass and such attempts shall not be maintained
>beyond a distance of 500 meters. An attempt to pass may be
>repeated an unlimited number of times but each time a
>challenging rider fails in his attempt, he shall drop back to 25
>meters behind the challenged rider before renewing his
>attempt.
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>3E7. Support Vehicles.
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>(a) If support vehicles are used, each vehicle should contain
>an official. A bullhorn may be used to communicate with the
>rider. Support vehicles shall at all times remain at least 20
>meters behind the rider, except when the rider has a foot on
>the ground. A support vehicle may not take a position
>between two riders unless there is a distance of at least 50
>meters between them. Should this distance diminish, the
>vehicle supporting the leading rider shall immediately drop
>back behind the follower.
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>(b) No attendant may under any circumstance lean or hold
>any piece of replacement equipment out of a vehicle.
>(c) No rider may be handed supplies during a time trial
>[disqualification].
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